List the main types of fog, and then briefly explain how each one forms. Where might you expect each of these different types of fog to form?

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

ANSWER: The different main fog types are radiation fog, advection fog, upslope fog, and evaporation (mixing) fog.
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Fog produced by Earth's radiational cooling is called radiation fog, or ground fog. It forms best on clear nights when a shallow layer of moist air near the ground is overlain by drier air. Since the moist layer is shallow, it does not absorb much of Earth's outgoing infrared radiation. The ground, therefore, cools rapidly as does the air directly above it, forming a surface inversion with cooler air at the surface and warmer air above. The moist lower layer (chilled rapidly by the cold ground) quickly becomes saturated, and fog forms.
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Advection fog forms when warm moist air moves over a cold surface and cools surface air to its saturation point. The surface must be sufficiently cooler than the air above so the transfer of heat from air to surface will cool the air to its dew point and produce fog. Advection fogs also prevail where two ocean currents with different temperatures flow next to one another. Such is the case in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Newfoundland, where the cold southward-flowing Labrador Current lies almost parallel to the warm northward-flowing Gulf Stream. Warm southerly air moving over the cold water produces fog in this region so frequently that fog occurs on about two out of three days during summer. Advection fog also forms over land. In winter, warm moist air from the Gulf of Mexico moves northward over progressively colder and slightly elevated land. As the air cools to its saturation point, a fog forms in the southern or central United States.
Because cold ground is often the result of radiational cooling, fog that forms in this manner is sometimes referred to as advection-radiation fog.
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Fog that forms as moist air flows up along an elevated plain, hill, or mountain is called upslope fog. Typically, upslope fog forms during the winter and spring on the eastern side of the Rockies, where the eastward-sloping plains are nearly a kilometer higher than the land farther east. Occasionally, cold air moves from the lower eastern plains westward. The air gradually rises, expands, becomes cooler, and—if sufficiently moist—a fog forms. Upslope fogs that form over an extensive area may last for days.
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Evaporation (mixing) fog forms when moist, warm air meets cold air and mixes with it. The air becomes saturated and fog forms.?