The effect of increasing severity, certainty and/or swiftness of legal punishment is called _____

a. general deterrence
b. marginal deterrence
c. positive deterrence
d. negative deterrence


Answer: b

Criminal Justice

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Attendant circumstances need not be proved beyond a reasonable doubt.

Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)

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About one-half of all preventable deaths in the United States can be accounted for by the abuse of what drug(s)?

A. alcohol, tobacco, or illicit drugs B. alcohol abuse alone C. tobacco abuse alone D. illicit drug abuse alone

Criminal Justice

Problem-oriented policing models are supported by the fact that a great deal of urban crime is concentrated in a few hot spots

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Criminal Justice

Workplace violence has increased significantly over the past few years

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Criminal Justice