Describe phylogenetic diversity of human-associated microbes, including what the phylogenetic tree of human-associated bacteria is shaped like. Where on the tree is the most diversity found (i.e. phylum level? class level? Species or strain level?)?
What will be an ideal response?
There are more than 50 bacterial phyla on earth, but human-associated communities are dominated by only 4 of them. Most of the diversity is concentrated at the strain level and not at deeper phylogenetic divisions. This suggests that the human body has been somewhat selective about which microbes it allows it gets colonized by, but those microbes that have colonized the human body have radiated into a number of different niches. More phylogenetic diversity is found between people than within the same person on any given day. In addition, more diversity is found between habitats, people, and months of sampling than within habitats, people (i.e. sampling multiple spots on the same person), or within the same month.
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What type of vascular tissue conducts water and dissolved minerals throughout the plant?
a. xylem b. phloem c. sclereids d. companion cells e. sieve tubes
Biomagnification usually happens for chemicals that
A. are not readily degraded. B. dissolve in fat. C. dissolve in water. D. are not readily degraded and dissolve in fat. E. are not readily degraded and dissolve in water.
In Drosophila, mutation screening usually involves use of a balancer chromosome that includes three elements: a set of overlapping inversions, an easily recognized dominant mutation, and a recessive lethal mutation that prevents balancer homozygotes
from surviving. Which one, or combination, of these elements is necessary and sufficient to suppress crossovers? A) inversions B) dominants C) lethal recessive D) inversions plus dominant E) lethal plus inversions
In C3 plants, the Calvin cycle occurs in the chloroplasts of ________ cells, but in C4 plants, the Calvin cycle occurs in the ________ cells
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word