Which deficiency causes Tay-Sach's disease?
1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal enzymes
ANS: 4
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1 A deficiency of proteasome in the cell does not cause Tay-Sach's disease. Proteasome is an organelle, which contains digestive enzymes similar to lysosomes. Proteasomes degrade polypeptide chains and proteins.
2 A deficiency of peroxisomes in the cell does not cause Tay-Sach's disease. Peroxisomes contain digestive enzymes such as lysosomes. Peroxisomes break down the long chain fatty acids and free radicals.
3 A deficiency of macrophages in the body does not cause Tay-Sach's disease. Macrophage is the major defensive white blood cells of the body. Macrophages contain a large number of lysosomes.
4 Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes such as lysozyme, proteases, and lipases to degrade the ingested foreign substances and cellular debris. Tay-Sach's disease is a rare genetic disorder that is caused by the deficiency of lysosomal enzymes. It results because of the buildup of lipids in the brain and spinal cord.
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