Because of the limitations of ex post facto research, it should
a. rarely be used in educational research.
b. be interpreted with caution.
c. be used carefully by those interested in important variables which cannot be manipulated.
d. be replaced by analysis of variance techniques.
e. b and c.
E
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A between-subjects experiment uses six groups, each with 10 people in it. The F ratio test statistic for this study will have within-groups degrees of freedom equal to:
a. 60 b. 54 c. 16 d. 11
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
Letter formation should be taught in groups of at least four letters at a time.
Mr. Holman says, "cat," and Rowan says, "bat." Then Mr. Holman says, "hug," and Rowan says, "rug." When Rowan makes words rhyme this way they are demonstrating
A. alphabetic knowledge. B. phonological awareness. C. phonological memory. D. rapid automatic naming.
Which of the following is NOT true about family-school connections?
A) "Connections" should be narrowly defined to meet the demands of the local context. B) Schools should ask families about the communication avenues most effective for them. C) Family members should be considered experts on their children. D) Home or community visits provide useful information to teachers.