The nurse is assessing a patient with a history of intravenous drug abuse. In assessing his mouth, the nurse notices a dark red confluent macule on the hard palate. This could be an early sign of:
a. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
b. Measles.
c. Leukemia. d.
Carcinoma.
ANS: A
Oral Kaposi's sarcoma is a bruiselike, dark red or violet, confluent macule that usually occurs on the hard palate. It may appear on the soft palate or gingival margin. Oral lesions may be among the earliest lesions to develop with AIDS.
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Which of these nursing activities can protect the nurse from radiation exposure?
a. washing hands before applying gloves b. wearing fluid-repellant cover gowns c. covering the client with a lead apron d. reducing the amount of time spent in client contact
A head-injured patient is presenting with a generalized seizure. An appropriate nursing intervention during the seizure would include which of the following?
A) Restrain the patient to prevent injury. B) Open the patient's jaws to insert an oral airway. C) Place patient in high-Fowler's position. D) Loosen the patient's restrictive clothing.
A patient with a right tibial fracture is being discharged home after having a cast applied. The nurse gives instructions to the patient and his family. What instruction should the nurse provide in relationship to the patient's cast care?
A) Cover the cast with a blanket until the cast dries. B) Keep your right leg elevated above heart level. C) Use a knitting needle to scratch itches inside the cast. D) A foul smell from the cast is normal.
The nurse is administering glucose and insulin to a client whose potassium level is 5.9 mEq/L. The client's wife says, "He doesn't have diabetes, so why is he getting insulin?" What is the best response by the nurse?
1. "Insulin is safer than giving laxatives such as sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate).". 2. "Insulin will help his kidneys excrete the extra potassium.". 3. "Insulin lowers his blood sugar levels and this is how the extra potassium is excreted.". 4. "Insulin will cause his extra potassium to go into his cells and lower the blood level.".