Which of the following threatens the internal validity of an experiment?
a. using more than one dependent variable
b. failing to use a representative sample
c. using an independent variable with more than one level
d. failing to assign participants randomly to conditions
Answer: D
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Skinner recognized an important difference between Pavlov's and Thorndike's
procedures, namely, that in Pavlov's procedure a. the eliciting stimulus can be anything. b. the behavior that can be brought under environmental control is limited to those responses that can already be elicited by other stimuli. c. the eliciting stimulus strengthens any and all behaviors that precede it but none that follow it. d. it doesn't really matter whether the eliciting stimulus precedes or follows the response, since the effect is always to strengthen it. e. once the eliciting stimulus is selected, the choice is then whether it will be used to strengthen or weaken the behavior that it follows.
Which of the following describes organizational culture?
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
A child psychologist conducts a study to test whether infants born prematurely begin to walk earlier than do infants in general. Which of the following scenarios represents a Type II error?
A) The psychologist concludes that premature infants do walk earlier than infants in general when the true situation is that they actually do not. B) The psychologist concludes that premature infants do walk earlier than infants in general when the true situation is that they actually do. C) The psychologist concludes that premature infants do not walk earlier than infants in general when the true situation is that they actually do. D) The psychologist concludes that premature infants do not walk earlier than infants in general when the true situation is that they actually do not.
The analysis of variance assumes that
a. the populations have no variance. b. the samples have equal variances. c. the populations have equal variances. d. the variances are normally distributed.