In order to determine if differences between experimental and control groups are due to the treatment or to error or chance occurrence, a researcher employs:

a. introspection c. commonsense judgment
b. statistical procedures d. an animal model


B

Psychology

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According to Freud, a moral conscience is formed during the _____ stage, with the emergence of the _____

a. phallic; superego b. phallic; ego c. genital; superego d. latency; Oedipus complex

Psychology

With operant conditioning, when a variable-interval schedule of reinforcement is in place, a response will only be reinforced after:

a. a specified, unchanging period of time has elapsed b. an unpredictable period of time has elapsed c. a specified, unchanging number of responses have been made d. an unpredictable number of responses have been made

Psychology

Recent research on the brains of adolescents indicates that development in the prefrontal cortex undergoes a _____ just before puberty and a(n) _____ during adolescence.

A) growth spurt; additional growth spurt B) synaptic proliferation; synaptic pruning C) synaptic pruning; synaptic proliferation D) reduction in neurotransmitters; further reduction

Psychology

An athlete wants to use biofeedback to alleviate a tension headache. What type of feedback would be most effective for him to use?

a. EMG to lower muscle tension c. Hypnosis to alter his consciousness b. EEG to relax the entire body d. both a and b

Psychology