Diana has an independent variable with three levels. She uses a Latin-square design to help ensure that the orders in which participants experience the levels of the independent variable occur equally as often across participants. She is ______ the order of treatments.
a. randomizing
b. counterbalancing
c. squaring
d. matching
Ans: B
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The prevalence of childhood obesity has doubled in the past 20 years. However, this varies by
a. racial and ethnic background of child. b. education level of parents. c. accessibility of high quality healthcare. d. sex of child, with obesity increasing for girls and decreasing for boys.
Positive reinforcement ____ the likelihood that the preceding behavior will be repeated. Negative reinforcement ____ the likelihood that the preceding behavior will be repeated.
A. increases; increases B. increases; decreases C. decreases; increases D. decreases; decreases
In Tolman's system, learned relationships are sign Gestalts.?
a. True b. False
Eighteen overweight volunteers weighed themselves before and after a two-week diet. The appropriate design for testing the significance of the difference between the means is
a. related-samples t-test. b. independent-samples t-test. c. one-sample t-test. d. z-test.