The nurse is reviewing the results of diagnostic testing on a patient suspected of having cancer. Which diagnostic findings should the nurse identify as being consistent with the presence of a malignancy?
Select all that apply.
1. high levels of tumor markers
2. positive biopsy results
3. low levels of tumor markers
4. decreased white blood cell count
5. increased hemoglobin and hematocrit
Correct Answer: 1, 2
High levels of tumor markers are indicative of a malignancy. Positive biopsy results are indicative of a malignancy. Leukopenia is not associated with a malignancy. Increased hemoglobin and hematocrit values are not associated with a malignancy.
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A nurse is working with a patient who needs to change unwanted or undesired behavior. The nurse recognizes that which patient response indicates that patient is at the pre-contemplation stage of the stages of change model? Select all that apply
1. The patient denies having a problem. 2. The patient acknowledges the problem. 3. The patient has no desire to change the problem. 4. The patient begins to make plans to change the problem. 5. The patient begins to seriously consider changing the problem.
An increased risk of falls is dangerous for any patient. What patient would be at an increased risk of falls?
A) A patient with a hearing loss of 45 dB B) A patient with acute otitis media C) A patient with vertigo D) A patient with damage to the eighth cranial nerve
The patient with the diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection asks what has caused the diarrhea. The nurse responds that it is caused by:
1. protozoal infection. 2. fecal–oral contamination. 3. inflammatory response. 4. long-term antibiotic therapy.
An elderly patient tells the nurse that he has been experiencing constipation, which is new since he never had this problem when he was younger. Which of the following should the nurse instruct this patient?
1. Your doctor can prescribe medications to help eliminate this problem. 2. Be sure to take in high fiber foods, get some exercise, and drink fluids to help this problem. 3. Restricting fluids will help this problem. 4. Rest and relaxation will help eliminate this problem.