Which statement regarding genotype and phenotype is true?
A. For autosomal recessive traits, the phenotype is the same as the genotype.
B. The only trait in which phenotype always follows genotype is physiologic gender.
C. When a phenotype is fully penetrant, the trait is expressed in the heterozygous person.
D. Genotype changes as a person ages, whereas phenotype is not affected by the aging process.
A
Genotype refers to the exact alleles of a single gene trait. Phenotype refers to the observable characteristics present when a gene is expressed. For recessive traits, because both alleles must be the same (homozygous) for the gene to be expressed, the phenotype and the genotype are the same. Dominant traits are expressed in the phenotype, even when the person's genotype is heterozygous for the alleles.
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