Basic dyes such as methylene blue bind to cellular molecules that are ________.
A. positively charged
B. hydrophobic
C. negatively charged
D. aromatic
Answer: C
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The mutant huntingtin protein that results in Huntington disease
A. causes a decrease in production of another protein. B. leads to degeneration of cells in the brain's striatum. C. is toxic to brain cells. D. leads to degeneration of cells in the brain's striatum and is toxic to brain cells only. E. has all of these traits.
Imagine that you and your colleagues are working in a lab to develop a protein synthesis system for a new type of synthetic cell. During your brainstorming sessions, you propose that polycistronic mRNA would be much more useful than mRNA that is only translated into one protein. This would allow for multiple proteins necessary for a particular function to be translated together. One of your colleagues says that is a good idea, but if you decide to go with polycistronic mRNA, you'd better make sure to use a prokaryotic translation system. Why might it be problematic to use a eukaryotic translation system with polycistronic mRNA?
a. Introns would always prevent translation of the mRNA. b. Eukaryotic ribosomes initiate translation by binding to the 5?-cap, which is only at the end of the mRNA. c. Prokaryotic ribosomes do not detach from mRNA when they reach a stop codon. d. Eukaryotic start and stop codons are different from prokaryotic start and stop codons.
Which of the following is evidence for the signal hypothesis for targeting of a secretory protein to the rough ER?
a. The protein is larger when synthesized in vitro on free polysomes. b. The secretory protein ends up in the cytosol when a short sequence is deleted by genetic engineering. c. A normally cytosolic protein is secreted when a sequence is added to it by genetic engineering. d. All of the above
When a cell loses control over its replication cycle, _____.
A) the cell can divide over and over with no interphase B) the cell may not die as it is supposed to C) damaged chromosomes may be replicated D) all of the choices