Top-down processing is to bottom-up processing as constructivist is to ____
a. distal stimulus
b. configural superiority
c. direct perception
d. perceptual constancy
c
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Advantages of mnemonic devices stressed in the text include all but which of the following?
a. They help organize what is to be learned. b. They facilitate maintenance rehearsal. c. They provide retrieval cues. d. They can be acquired by virtually all students.
Tech-prep programs span the following four years:
A. grades 9-13. B. the last two years of college and two years beyond. C. the first four years of college. D. grades 10-12 and the first two years of college
In Gentry's writing scale levels of early spelling, at which level does the student mix some memorized conventional spelling with developmental spelling?
a. pre-alphabetic b. partial alphabetic c. full alphabetic d. consolidated alphabetic e. non-alphabetic
A researcher is studying underachievement of gifted children in a qualitative study. She samples two children who are achieving beyond expectations and two children who are achieving well below expectations in her sample. What sampling technique did she use?
a. Maximum-variation sampling b. Extreme-case sampling c. Homogeneous sample selection d. Typical-case sampling