Clients with IBS may be prescribed what type of medication prior to meals to prevent diarrhea?
a. bulk forming c. antidiarrheal
b. antispasmodic d. antihistamine
B
Clients with IBS may be prescribed an antipasmodic to be taken before meals to prevent diarrhea. Caution should be taken in giving an antidiarrheal because it can have serious side effects such as severe constipation or decreased blood flow to the colon.
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What action should a nurse implement to prevent complications in a patient with hepatitis who has been prescribed bedrest?
a. Raise the knee gatch to prevent the patient from sliding down in bed. b. Provide undisturbed periods of 6 hours to encourage rest. c. Restrict fluids. d. Encourage turning, coughing, and deep breathing every 2 hours.
When nurses are trying to determine whether patients and families need more information, they often ask, "Do you have any questions?" Which of the following statements best explains why this approach is flawed?
1. Patients and families will ask questions without being invited, and this approach is too direct. 2. This approach presumes that the family and patient are not on the healthcare team and may be condescending. 3. The question asks patients to share private information, which is a violation of HIPPA guidelines. 4. Patients and families often don't know enough about a situation to know what questions to ask.
Which of the following serum electrolyte values is abnormal?
A) Magnesium 2.0 mEq/L. B) Potassium 4.0 mEq/L. C) Sodium 138 mg/dl. D) Calcium 15.0 mEq/L.
The concentration of electrolytes is commonly expressed in units that express the ability of positive and negative ions to combine with each other. What are the units of concentration that express this relationship?
A. Milliequivalents per liter of plasma B. Milligrams per 100 ml of plasma C. Milliosmoles per liter of plasma D. None of the above