______ shifts the focus from the actor (the criminal) to the reactor (i.e., the criminal justice system) in exploring the causes of crime.
a. social control theory
b. social bonding theory
c. neutralization theory
d. labeling theory
d. labeling theory
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Did Officer Gandy have reasonable suspicion to stop Campbell?
At approximately 3:40 a.m. on 24 July 2006, Officer Coyle of the Carrboro PD responded to a report of a breaking and entering (B&E) in progress on South Peak Drive. Coyle arrived within three minutes. While driving toward the location he turned onto Old Pittsboro Road and observed someone riding a bicycle on the road, within a quarter of a mile of the B&E location. Old Pittsboro Road does not intersect with South Peak Drive, but is connected to it via Daffodil Lane. The rear of the bicycle had a flashing red light. Officer Coyle did not observe anyone else in the area. He radioed other officers information about the bicycle rider and proceeded to the house on South Peak Drive. He observed that a window had been opened with "a small, flathead screwdriver or a pry tool," and notified other officers of that information. Officer Gandy was on patrol in her police vehicle. She responded to the B&E call, received Officer Coyle's call concerning the bicyclist, and observed a man (Anthony Campbell) riding a bicycle and turning from Old Pittsboro Road onto South Greensboro Street. Campbell had an illuminated light on his cap and the bicycle had a headlight and two flashing rear reflectors. Officer Gandy recognized Campbell by face but not by name. She drove past Campbell, turned around, drove back past him, and pulled off the road. She watched Campbell turn onto a highway uphill on-ramp and stop at the top of the hill. Officer Gandy turned on her spotlights and observed Campbell "play with something" in his backpack. Officer Gandy then approached Campbell, exited her vehicle, and asked Campbell for his name and identification. After this stop, Lt. Taylor arrived; he recognized Campbell as having an extensive history of B&Es. Campbell was detained, handcuffed, and frisked. A small flashlight and a Swiss Army-type knife, which could have used to open the window, were retrieved. Campbell was arrested and a search incident to arrest of his backpack yielded jewelry and burglar's tools. What will be an ideal response?
Within today's prison walls, there is a trend much stronger in _______ than in the U.S. to provide gender-specific programing to inmates with addiction problems
a. France b. Germany c. England d. Canada
Prior to the 9/11 attacks, the federal government had done very little to counter global money laundering.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
To what extent is thrill-seeking a motivation behind certain types of property offenses? How might it contribute to the crime of shoplifting?
What will be an ideal response?