The concept that depression begins when people repeatedly fail in their attempts to control the environment and they become passive is called:
a. learned helplessness
b. cognitive hopelessness
c. maladaptive behavior theory
d. adaptation failure theory
A
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When working with a patient who is potentially suicidal, Dr. Gold uses a common three-step process. This would include which of the following?
a. determining the probability that the person will act on the suicidal wish b. establishing a suicide prevention center c. knowing what factors are highly correlated with stress d. beginning a program of psychotherapy
In studies of classical conditioning in Aplysia, which of the following usually serves as the unconditioned stimulus?
A. touching the mantle B. touching the siphon C. the gill-withdrawal reflex D. electric shock to the tail
Ms. Smith is a 3rd grade teacher who uses cooperative learning in her classroom
In creating groups of students she equally distributes high-achieving, moderate-achieving, and low-achieving students so there is one student of each category in every group. Based upon the skills of each student, Ms. Smith knows that the high-achieving students can help the moderate-achieving students, and in turn, the moderate-achieving students can help the low-achieving students. It is clear that Ms. Smith is using the principle of ____ in her classroom. scaffolding accommodation assimilation psychosocial moratorium
How are newborn infants affected by medications given to the mother during the birthing process?
A) Infants are not affected by birth medications because the placenta effectively filters such medications. B) Birth medications typically have no observable short- or long-term effects upon an infant. C) Birth medications significantly depress infant respiration and heart rate and pose considerable risk to infant mortality. D) Infants whose mothers received analgesics or anesthetics during labor are usually more sluggish, spend more time sleeping, and gain a little less weight during the first weeks after birth.