The nurse would incorporate which of the following into the plan of care as a primary prevention strategy for reduction of the risk for cancer?
a. Yearly mammography for women aged 40 years and older
b. Using skin protection during sun exposure while at the beach
c. Colonoscopy at age 50 and every 10 years as follow-up
d. Yearly prostate specific antigen (PSA) and digital rectal exam for men aged 50 and over
ANS: B
Primary prevention of cancer involves avoidance to known causes of cancer, such as sun exposure. Secondary screening involves physical and diagnostic examination.
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