A woman calls the nurse at the mental health clinic about her husband who takes phenelzine (Nardil). She states that he took several over-the-counter decongestants and now has a stiff neck, headache, nausea, and vomiting
The nurse bases her response on what information? 1. Agranulocytosis is an adverse reaction that occurs due to the interaction of MAOIs and decongestants.
2. MAOIs can trigger a hypertensive crisis if taken with sympathomimetics.
3. Flu-like symptoms are common when clients begin taking MAOIs.
4. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome presents with muscular rigidity following the ingestion of MAOIs.
2
Rationale: When MAOIs are mixed with foods containing tyramine or sympathomimetics, a hypertensive crisis can occur that is heralded by the symptoms of headache, stiff neck, nausea, vomiting, and rising blood pressure. MAOIs, when not taken with foods containing tyramine or sympathomimetics, are not associated with flu-like symptoms. Agranulocytosis is demonstrated by a low white blood cell count and can occur following the initiation of antipsychotic medications. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is an adverse reaction to antipsychotic medications.
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