What is the primary goal of conservation biology?
A. balance the needs of the human population against the rest of the species on Earth
B. management of the Earth's biodiversity
C. discovery of new sources of food and medicines
D. preservation of crucial habitat for the benefit of multiple species
E. identify the most endangered and threatened species so efforts can be made to protect them
Answer: B
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Epidemiologists at the CDC in Atlanta, GA, have called you in to investigate an increased incidence of leukemia in a remote region of Africa. Shortly after you arrive, an RNA virus was isolated from patients and found to induce leukemia in mice
At this point, you don't know the viral gene product or the mechanism that causes development of leukemia. One of your lab assistants has isolated a variant of the virus that is missing 20% of the genome of the original virus and does not induce leukemia in mice. a) How would you determine which portion of the genome is associated with the development of leukemia? b) How would you determine the viral product or mechanism associated with the development of leukemia? What will be an ideal response?
Why is the velocity of blood flow lowest in capillaries?
a. Capillaries are far from the heart, and blood flow starts to slow as it moves away from the heart. b. The systemic capillaries are supplied by the left ventricle, which has a lower cardiac output than the right ventricle. c. The total surface area of capillaries is larger than the total surface area of the arterioles. d. The capillary walls are not thin enough to allow oxygen to exchange with the cells. e. The diastolic blood pressure is too low to deliver blood to capillaries at a high flow rate.
In a hypothetical situation, a certain species of flea feeds only on pronghorn antelopes. In the western United States, pronghorns and cattle often associate with one another in the same open rangeland
Some of these fleas develop a strong preference for cattle blood and mate only with other fleas that prefer cattle blood. The host mammal can be considered as the fleas' habitat. If this situation persists, and new species evolve, this would be an example of _____. A) sympatric speciation and habitat isolation B) sympatric speciation and temporal isolation C) allopatric speciation and habitat isolation D) allopatric speciation and gametic isolation
At one time the uncoupler 2,4-dinitrophenol was used as a weight reducing drug. Its side-effects, including death, resulted in its discontinued use. How could this drug cause weight loss?
A) The uncoupler allows the oxidation of fats from adipose tissue without the production of ATP. This allows the oxidation to proceed continuously and use up the fats. B) The uncoupler causes ATP to be produced at a much higher rate than normal and this causes weight loss. C) The uncoupler inhibits the transport of pyruvate into the matrix of the mitochondria. Fats are then degraded to glycerol and subsequently to pyruvate to provide the necessary energy, thereby depleting fat stores. D) The uncoupler is an allosteric activator of ATP synthase. This increases the rate of translocation of H+ and the oxidation of fuels, including fats.