During in vitro fertilization, the fertilized egg ____
a. is enucleated and fused with a donor egg
b. develops in a Petri dish to form an embryo containing 64 to 128 cells
c. develops in a Petri dish to form an embryo containing four to eight cells
d. develops in the host animal and eventually results in a clone born to the host
e. undergoes a second fertilization with a donor animal’s sperm
c
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When under attack, ciliates can eject dart-like protein threads from surface organelles called
a. vacuoles. b. gullets. c. trichocysts. d. phagosomes. e. alveoli.
ATP in sugar transport is mainly needed for what?
a) to generate a proton gradient to allow co-transport of a sugar across a membrane b) to cleave larger sugar molecules into shorter ones for easier transport c) to allow respiration in mitochondria which is critical for sugar distribution in all living organisms d) ATP accumulates in the apoplast and generates a chemical gradient that allows ATP/sugar co-transport e) Sugar transport is actually energy independent and does not require ATP at any step.
Cytopathic effects are changes in host cells due to
A) viral infections. B) protozoan infections. C) fungal infections. D) bacterial infections. E) helminthic infections.
Bdelloid rotifers are microscopic freshwater invertebrates. No one has ever seen a male. Thus researchers hypothesized that this species reproduces solely by asexual means. What evidence supports this hypothesis?
A. Bdelloid rotifers exhibit much more variation in their pairs of homologous genes than most sexually reproducing species. B. Males cannot be distinguished from females. C. Because of the evolutionary disadvantage of asexual vs. sexual reproduction, bdelloid rotifers are in danger of extinction. D. Over time, bdelloid rotifers have increased their chromosome number.