Tissue damage in pancreatitis is initially triggered by:

a. insulin toxicity.
b. autoimmune destruction of the pancreas.
c. backup of pancreatic enzymes.
d. hydrochloric acid reflux into the pancreat-ic duct.


ANS: C
In pancreatitis there is backup of pancreatic secretions and activation and release of enzymes (ac-tivated trypsin activates chymotrypsin, lipase, and elastase) within the pancreatic acinar cells. The enzymes become activated, triggering the resulting autodigestion, inflammation, and oxidative stress. The tissue damage associated with pancreatitis is not due to insulin toxicity or to hydro-chloric acid reflux.

Nursing

You might also like to view...

Which of the following nursing statements and/or questions represent appropriate communication to assess an individual in crisis? (Select all that apply.)

1. "Tell me what happened." 2. "What coping methods have you used, and did they work?" 3. "Describe to me what your life was like before this happened." 4. "Let's focus on the current problem." 5. "I'll assist you in selecting functional coping strategies."

Nursing

A 65-year-old female patient has fallen and injured her ankle. Radiographs show that the woman has a trimalleolar fracture. The physician informs the woman that she needs surgery to repair her ankle

What type of internal fixation device would be used to hold the malleolus of the tibia in place? A) Plate B) Wire C) Screw D) Rod

Nursing

A calcium channel blocker (CCB) is prescribed

for a patient, and the nurse provides instructions to the patient about the medication. Which instruction is correct? a. Chew the tablet for faster release of the medication. b. To increase the effect of the drug, take it with grapefruit juice. c. If the adverse effects of chest pain, fainting, or dyspnea occur, discontinue the medication immediately. d. A high-fiber diet with plenty of fluids will help prevent the constipation that may occur.

Nursing

The client who has undergone gastroplasty has an NG tube. Which of the following nursing interventions regarding care of the tube takes priority in this client?

A. Closely monitor the tube for patency. B. Never reposition the tube. C. Closely monitory tube output. D. Auscultate for bowel sounds frequently.

Nursing