In ___________, the Eighth Amendment's probation against cruel and unusual punishment applies to the states as well as the federal government.

A. Ex Parte Hull
B. Robinson v. United States
C. Cooper v. Pate
D. Procunier v. Martinez


Answer: B

Criminal Justice

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Sex selection can be described as

a. choosing sexual practices of your choice b. choosing sexual orientation of your choice c. preferring one sex over the other d. preferring different methods of contraceptives

Criminal Justice

Juvenile courts which relinquish their authority over certain types of offenders, such as status offenders, are known as __________

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

Criminal Justice

Full implementation of environmental protection laws has been constrained by all but which of the following?

a. Inadequate budgets b. Judicial reluctance to impose criminal penalties on environmental offenders. c. Declining public concern about environmental harm. d. Difficulties in clearly identifying, measuring and assigning blame for environmental harm.

Criminal Justice

________ argues that once self-control has formed in childhood, it affects adolescents in the choices they make in peer relations, school conduct and achievement, drug and alcohol use, and delinquent activities

A) Radical criminology B) Social control theory C) The general theory of crime D) Cultural deviance theory

Criminal Justice