Before helping a client with smoking cessation, the nurse reviews the steps of the change process. In which order should the nurse expect the client to progress through the stages of health change behavior?
Arrange the following stages in the correct order:
1. Preparation stage
2. Contemplation stage
3. Maintenance stage
4. Precontemplation stage
5. Termination stage
6. Action Stage
Correct Answer: 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 5
Rationale 1: This is the third stage, where the client intends to take action in the immediate future (e.g., within the next month). Some people in this stage may have already started making small behavioral changes, such as buying a self-help book. At this stage, the person makes the final specific plans to accomplish the change.
Rationale 2: This is the second stage, where the client acknowledges having a problem, seriously considers changing a specific behavior, actively gathers information, and verbalizes plans to change the behavior in the near future (e.g., next 6 months).
Rationale 3: This is the fifth stage, where the client strives to prevent relapse by integrating newly adopted behaviors into his or her lifestyle. This stage lasts until the person no longer experiences temptation to return to previous unhealthy behaviors. It is estimated that maintenance lasts from 6 months to 5 years.
Rationale 4: This is the first stage, where the client is not contemplating change for at least 6 months.
Rationale 5: This is the sixth and last stage (the ultimate goal), where the individual has complete confidence that the problem is no longer a temptation or threat. It is as if the individual never acquired the habit in the first place or the new behavior has become automatic.
Rationale 6: This is the fourth stage, where the client actively implements behavioral and cognitive strategies of the action plan to interrupt previous health risk behaviors and adopt new ones. This stage requires the greatest commitment of time and energy.
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