Viral envelopes can best be analyzed with which of the following techniques?
A) use of 15N to label specific nucleotides
B) antibodies against specific proteins not found in the host membranes
C) DNA staining and visualization with the light microscope
D) use of plaque assays for quantitative measurement of viral titer
E) immunofluorescent tagging of capsid proteins
Answer: B
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As adults, insulin signaling through its receptor kinase enables virtually every cell in our body to transport glucose across the plasma membrane into the cytosol. Use the following five terms to complete the sentences below
Terms (A-E) may be used once, more than once or not at all. A. receptor binding B. receptor activation C. signal transduction and amplification D. response E. termination Autophosphorlyation of transmembrane proteins caused by insulin association with those proteins is an example of __________________. _________________ occurs when the proteins that are phosphorylated after insulin associates with the cell-surface protein become dephosphorylated. The noncovalent association of insulin with specific proteins on the surface of a cell is an example of ___________. Activated proteins in the nucleus causing transcription (and eventually translation in the cytosol) of proteins needed for cell division is an example of _________. _______________ occurs when the insulin receptors phosphorylate each other causing other proteins in the cytoplasm to bind to them, including a protein called insulin-receptor substrate 1 (or IRS-1). _______________ occurs when the phosphorylated cytosolic protein IRS-1 binds to other cytosolic proteins to activate them, which in turn bind to others to activate them. One consequence of IRS-1 stimulation is the exchange of GDP for GTP in Ras, which is an example of _______________. ___________________ occurs when the GTP bound to Ras is hydrolyzed to GDP. One consequence of IRS-1 stimulation is the uptake of glucose by the cell, which is an example of ________________. What will be an ideal response?
What cells make antibodies?
What will be an ideal response?
Which of the following does NOT express one of Mendel's laws?
A. When two different alleles are present for a given trait, the expression of one will mask the expression of the other. B. Alleles separate during the formation of sex cells. C. During the formation of sex cells, members of one gene pair separate from one another independently of members of other gene pairs. D. Genes located on the same chromosome have a greater tendency of being inherited together than do genes located on different chromosomes.
Membrane proteins perform all of the following functions except:
A) transport. B) cell recognition. C) structural support. D) maintainance of membrane fluidity. E) communication.