Self efficacy is defined as: .
What will be an ideal response?
expectation that one can personally accomplish a goal
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At some level, Jill believes that risky, health-defeating behaviors are less likely to result in harmful consequences for her than they are for other people. Jill is demonstrating __________.
A. the health-promotion bias B. the availability heuristic C. the illusion of superiority D. the optimism bias
Jayson is eating lunch alone at a restaurant. He sees two people talking animatedly, and interprets it as arguing. Jayson is exhibiting the ____
a. hostile attribution bias b. hostile perception bias c. hostile expectation bias d. indirect expectation bias
Kohlberg's model of moral development has been criticized as culturally biased because
a. the stages have only been found in people from Western cultures. b. research has found that people from different cultures vary in how they proceed through the stages. c. there is little evidence that people reach the level of postconventional reasoning. d. it emphasizes moral standards that appeal to males rather than females. e. it emphasizes ideals found primarily in Western cultures.
Differential reinforcement of each successive approximation involves:
a. punishing the previous approximation b. extinguishing the previous approximation c. reinforcing the new approximation d. B and C