You made an "F" on your first psychology test. Whenever that grade creeps into your mind, you consciously push it back out of your mind. This illustrates
a. repression.
b. suppression.
c. disuse.
d. interference.
ANSWER: b
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Renee Baillargeon has conducted a number of studies to examine infants' reactions to objects that are hidden from view. Infants as young as 4 months appear to be surprised when a toy car emerges from behind a screen when it should have been blocked. What is the basic purpose of her studies?
a. To detect dimensions of visual acuity in infants b. To determine an infant's ability to track a moving object c. To demonstrate that infants have a mental image of an object even when it is out of view d. To present information about infants sense of touch to soft objects
One difference between Skinner's operant conditioning and Bandura's social cognitive theory is that
a. Bandura believes children play an active role in their own development, while Skinner sees them as being passively shaped by the environment. b. Skinner views reinforcement and punishment as being important while Bandura does not. c. Skinner believes that self-efficacy influences behavior while Bandura does not. d. Bandura emphasizes rewards and punishment while Skinner does not.
The average score on a scale is the __________
a. mean b. mode c. median d. standard deviation
During middle childhood, self-esteem ________.
A. is usually higher than it was during the preschool years B. is less dependent on comparisons with peers C. takes on a hierarchical structure D. tends to lack structure