During adolescence, siblings who are close in age may go out of their way to choose different interests, activities, and friends, in a process called
A) separation anxiety.
B) de-identification.
C) sibling collusion.
D) nonshared environment.
Answer: B
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Since elementary school, Tom has always shown a sense of entitlement, arguing with students and teachers to get his way. In high school, he became addicted to drugs and alcohol and got into criminal behavior that his parents were able to erase from his record. Which type of parenting would most likely have resulted in Tom's behavior?
a. authoritarian b. power assertive c. authoritative d. overly permissive
Jerry and his nephew exhibit the same musical talent, yet Jerry's brother (the child's father) does not demonstrate this skill. Why is this possible from a genetic standpoint?
a. Parents and children only share 50% overlap in genetic endowment. b. Aunts and uncles and their nieces and nephews, related by blood have a 25% overlap in genetic endowment. c. Both a and b. d. None of these are applicable.
Whose theory emphasizes the importance of social interaction and cultural context on cognitive development?
What will be an ideal response?
In Kagan's laboratory studies of individual differences in infants' responses to novel situations, all of the following have been found except
a. two groups of children have been identified – inhibited to novelty and uninhibited to novelty b. high reactive infants show extreme degrees of motor activity and negative emotions, whereas low reactive infants showed low levels of motor activity and rarely became emotionally upset c. there is little continuity between infants' responses at 4 months and their responses when tested repeatedly up to the age of 13 d. initial predispositions may be altered by subsequent experience, including parents' efforts to help inhibited children learn to feel more comfortable in novel situations