A severely and persistently mentally ill client who lives in a homeless shelter has a nursing
diagnosis of powerlessness. An intervention related to this nursing diagnosis is
a. reinforcing participation in activity.
b. encouraging mutual goal setting.
c. verbally communicating empathy.
d. demonstrating an accepting attitude.
B
Mutual goal setting is an intervention designed to promote feelings of personal autonomy and dispel
feelings of powerlessness. The health care provider's available resources of time and talent are
frequently strained by the severe psychosocial and physical needs of homeless and severely and
persistently mentally ill clients. Although it might be easier and faster for the nurse to establish a
plan and outcomes, this action would contribute to the client's sense of powerlessness. Involving the
client in decision making empowers the client and reduces feelings of powerlessness. Option A is an
intervention associated with activity therapy. Options C and D are interventions related to presence.
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