The prenatal clinic nurse assesses a woman at 15 weeks' gestation. The patient's blood pressure, measured twice at intervals 1 hour apart with a cuff that fits appropriately, is 146/96 mm Hg. The nurse understands the patient has which condition?
A.
Chronic hypertension
B.
Gestational hypertension
C.
Preeclampsia
D.
Transient hypertension
ANS: A
Chronic hypertension is defined as hypertension that is present and observable prior to pregnancy, or hypertension that is diagnosed before the 20th week of gestation. Hypertension is defined as a blood pressure greater than 140/90 mm Hg. Hypertension for which a diagnosis is confirmed for the first time during pregnancy and that persists beyond the 84th day postpartum is also classified as chronic hypertension. Gestational hypertension occurs after 28 weeks without proteinuria and is a temporary diagnosis used until more diagnostic testing can be accomplished. Preeclampsia is an increased blood pressure seen after 20 weeks' gestation accompanied by proteinuria. Transient hypertension describes women who develop gestational hypertension but have no preeclampsia and whose blood pressure returns to normal within 12 weeks postpartum. This diagnosis is used only after pregnancy.
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