Which of the following would increase a patient’s risk for thrombotic stroke?
a. Dehydration
b. Anemia
c. Hyperthyroidism
d. Hypertension
Ans: a. Dehydration
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A number of systems for pumping ions across membranes are powered by ATP. Such ATP-powered pumps are often called ATPases, although they do not often hydrolyze ATP unless they are simultaneously transporting ions
Because small increases in calcium ions in the cytosol can trigger a number of different intracellular reactions, cells keep the cytosolic calcium concentration quite low under normal conditions, using ATP-powered calcium pumps. For example, muscle cells transport calcium from the cytosol into the membranous system called the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). If a resting muscle cell's cytosol has a free calcium ion concentration of 10-7 while the concentration in the SR is 10-2, then how is the ATPase acting? A) ATPase activity must be powering an inflow of calcium from the outside of the cell into the SR. B) ATPase activity must be transferring i to the SR to enable this to occur. C) ATPase activity must be pumping calcium from the cytosol to the SR against the concentration gradient. D) ATPase activity must be opening a channel for the calcium ions to diffuse back into the SR along the concentration gradient. E) ATPase activity must be routing calcium ions from the SR to the cytosol, and then to the cell's environment.
The core of a virus is
a. a protein. b. a sugar. c. a nucleic acid. d. a fat. e. a phosphate.
The whole-genome shotgun approach for collecting the data used to determine the nucleotide sequence of microbial genomes uses ________.
A. powerful computers and specialized software and automated sequencing of random fragments of genomic DNA B. adapters that are added to genomic DNA fragments C. powerful computers and specialized software D. automated sequencing of random fragments of genomic DNA
Following damage to his heart, Jim is having a pacemaker implanted. Which one of the following components of the heart does this device replace the activity of?
A) atrioventricular node B) sinoatrial valve C) atrioventricular bundle D) Purkinje fibers E) sinoatrial node