Judgments are particularly likely to result from top-down processes when people
a. have access to accurate information.
b. must perform a well-defined task.
c. are not physiologically aroused.
d. encounter an event that is ambiguous.
d. encounter an event that is ambiguous.
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Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement? a. A mother picks up her infant when he cries, which then stops his crying, thereby reducing the mother's levelof annoyance
b. A father picks up his infant when she cries, thereby increasing the likelihood that she will cry to be picked up again in the future. c. A grandmother gives her granddaughter a "time out" when she misbehaves, thereby leading thegranddaughter to calm down. d. A grandfather gives his grandson $10 for every "A" on his report card, thereby strengthening his grandson'sstudy habits. e. A caregiver removes a child from the "block play center" when he is throwing blocks, thereby causing himto cry.
Preschoolers who watch the television show Sesame Street have been shown to ____ in kindergarten than children who have not watched the show
a. be less social b. be more violent c. have larger vocabularies d. have less inner speech
The term _______________ means that participation should be based on fairness and not on circumstances that give researchers access to or control of a population based on status
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
An irrational and senseless act that a person is driven to perform repeatedly is called __________
a) a compulsion. b) an obsession. c) a habit. d) a schedule.