Five hundred persons were chosen to participate, 270 women and 230 men, representative of the population of Portland, Oregon, treated for congestive heart failure at one of its four main hospitals
Patients were selected using a table of random numbers, from a master list of all patients who had been treated for CHF in the previous three months. This is an example of what type of sampling strategy?
a. Simple random sampling
b. Convenience sampling
c. Purposive sampling
d. Stratified random sampling
ANS: D
Stratified random sampling is used when the researcher knows some of the variables in the population that are critical to achieving representativeness. Variables commonly used for stratification are age, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, diagnosis, geographical region, type of institution, type of care, care provider, and site of care. The variable or variables chosen for stratification need to be correlated with the dependent variables being examined in the study. Subjects within each stratum are expected to be more alike (homogeneous) in relation to the study variables than they are to be like subjects in other strata or the total sample. In stratified random sampling, the subjects are randomly selected on the basis of their classification into the selected strata.
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