Risk taking is increased when choice scenarios are discussed in terms of:
A) potential losses.
B) potential gains.
C) long-term versus short-term consequences.
D) extrinsic motivation.
A) potential losses.
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Whitney decided to observe Mrs. Henshaw's third-grade class to determine how the subject matter was related to children's participation in class discussions. However, the first couple of times Whitney sat in on Mrs. Henshaw's class, the children were unusually quiet and reluctant to answer Mrs. Henshaw's questions. This is an example of ________, a notable problem with naturalistic observation
a. observer interference c. participant reactivity b. observer bias d. experimenter bias
Emoticons often serve to express emotion but may ____
a. deflect from the seriousness of women's statements b. lead to a downward spiral in which communication becomes less and less effective c. foster negative ways of communicating d. maximize disagreements
Pavlov's research demonstrated that ________
a) involuntary reaction (salivation) could occur in response to an unrelated stimulus (sound of a bell) b) an unrelated stimulus (salivation) could occur in response to an involuntary reaction (sound of a bell) c) involuntary reaction (sound of a bell) could occur in response to an unrelated stimulus (food) d) an unrelated stimulus (food) could occur in response to an unrelated stimulus (barking)
When people are physiologically aroused, they are
A) more likely to rely on cognitive shortcuts. B) more likely to rely on the availability heuristic, but less likely to rely on the representativeness heuristic. C) more likely to use complex thinking. D) less likely to make dispositional inferences.