When the direct method of measuring mutation rates is used, estimates are made for a specific ____________________ over a number of ____________________

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word


gene; generations

Biology & Microbiology

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Kinases are enzymes that can phosphorylate (transfer phosphate groups onto) macromolecules such as proteins. A particular kinase, Kinase 1 is known to promote cell division. It promotes cell division by phosphorylating Protein X. Phosphorylation of Protein X activates Protein X. Once activated, Protein X stimulates the production of other proteins such as Protein Y and Z that directly promote cell division.  In order to function, Kinase 1 requires the presence of Metal A. However, in the presence of Protein A, Kinase 1 is nonfunctional.  From the description, what is considered the substrate of Kinase 1?  

A.  Protein X B.  Protein Y C.  Protein Z D.  Metal A E.  Protein A

Biology & Microbiology

Virtually ALL cases of tetanus occur in individuals who have failed to receive tetanus toxoid booster immunizations

Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

Biology & Microbiology

Clay is considered a possible site for early polymerization because it binds organic monomers and contains zinc and iron ions that may have functioned as ATP

______________ Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

Biology & Microbiology

Answer the following questions true (T) or false (F)

1. Homeobox sequences vary widely from one species to another. 2. Versions of homeobox genes have been found in plants and fungi. 3. Without cell adhesion, the primitive gut probably wouldn't develop during gastrulation.

Biology & Microbiology