Summarize the role of the amygdala in the classical conditioning of fear.
What will be an ideal response?
Perception of danger leads to a number of defensive behaviors. Animals might engage in fight or flight, freeze, or experience analgesia, or pain reduction. These behaviors are initiated by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system, by way of the lateral hypothalamus (fight/flight) or the periaqueductal gray (freezing; analgesia). But where do these structures get their instructions?Situated between the input from sensory systems and the output managed by the hypothalamus and periaqueductal gray is the amygdala. The amygdala plays an import- ant role in the classical conditioning of emotional responses, including fear. Lesion studies, recording studies, and research involving the administration of NMDA antagonists all point to the importance of the amygdala in this type of learning.In a typical investigation of classically conditioned threat in rodents, a stimulus such as a tone (CS) is followed by electrical shock to the feet (UCS). The conditioned response (CR) is usually freezing in place. Following the pairing of a shock with a tone, the tone by itself will begin to serve as a danger signal that evokes defensive responses.
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a. reciprocal concessions and a sense of personal obligation b. consistency and a sense of moral obligation to society c. capturing and disrupting attention d. scarcity and commodities
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Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Unlike overeating too much of a favorite food, people with bulimia nervosa
A) consume a large amount of food in a short period of time and use compensatory behaviors. B) consume a large quantity of food in a brief period of time but do not use laxatives. C) do not have trouble stopping when they feel full. D) feel more control over their eating because they have compensatory behaviors to regulate weight gain.
Of the following, ________ would serve as a primary reinforcer for most people
a. food b. praise c. money d. attention e. a hug