The finding during a routine assessment that would most strongly suggest to the nurse the presence of serious heart or lung disease is
a. blanching of nail beds when compressed.
b. broken vessels in the legs.
c. duskiness of the buccal mucosa.
d. pulse rate greater than 90 beats/min.
C
The nurse should observe the skin and mucous membranes for abnormalities such as central or peripheral cyanosis. The presence of a bluish tinge or duskiness is indicative of central cyanosis. Central cyanosis implies serious heart or lung disease because impaired physiologic functioning is leading to decreased arterial oxygen saturation. Peripheral cyanosis, seen in lips, ear lobes, and nail beds, suggests peripheral vasoconstriction.
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A nurse explains the homeostatic mechanisms involved in fluid homeostasis to a student nurse. Which of the following statements accurately describe this process? Select all that apply
A) The kidneys selectively retain electrolytes and water and excrete wastes and excesses according to the body's needs. B) The cardiovascular system is responsible for pumping and carrying nutrients and water throughout the body. C) The thyroid gland secretes aldosterone, a mineralocorticoid hormone that helps the body conserve sodium, helps save chloride and water, and causes potassium to be excreted. D) The lungs regulate oxygen and carbon dioxide levels of the blood, which is especially crucial in maintaining acid–base balance. E) Thyroxine, released by the adrenal glands, increases blood flow in the body, leading to increased renal circulation and resulting in increased glomerular filtration and urinary output. F) The parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone, which regulates the level of calcium and phosphorus.
The patient says to the nurse, "My doctor said I can't have fried chicken anymore because I have heart disease. I've eaten it all my life and am fine except for some indigestion lately." What is the best response by the nurse?
1. "Did your doctor mention exercise? That is the most important lifestyle change to slow the progression of your heart disease." 2. "Your indigestion is an indication that your body cannot tolerate fatty foods; this causes an increased workload for your heart." 3. "Fried chicken is actually okay, but you must be very careful with the type of fat that you fry the chicken in." 4. "Your indigestion could actually be chest pain caused by narrowed coronary arteries; you will need a low-fat diet."
Out-group members act differently from in-group members in that they
a. Interact often with the leader b. Perform their job duties but no extra work c. Ask for additional responsibility d. Receive special attention from their leaders
The nurse designs a plan of care for the client with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) who is taking omeprazole (Prilosec) for the management of his illness. What will the best plan by the nurse include?
1. Omeprazole (Prilosec) should not be crushed or chewed. 2. Omeprazole (Prilosec) is best taken with yogurt. 3. Omeprazole (Prilosec) is recommended for long-term treatment of peptic ulcer disease (PUD). 4. Omeprazole (Prilosec) should be administered before meals. 5. Omeprazole (Prilosec) should be administered after meals.