Describe what it means that statistical procedures can “make other inferences about the population.”
What will be an ideal response?
Ans: Answer would ideally include: As noted, researchers are seldom able to investigate an entire population and must, therefore, work with samples; yet one of the goals of most quantitative research is to show that the resultant findings for the sample are true also for the population. Thus, when we determine a mean score for the sample, for instance, we want to be able to say that the same, or similar, mean score exists in the population as a whole. Of course, since we have not investigated the entire population, we can only make inferences about the population mean. In doing this, we assign probability levels that allow us to say that the sample finding is “likely to be the same” for the population, within specified limits.
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