Why should endurance athletes, in particular, obtain enough antioxidants each day?
The muscles require a large amount of ATP to be able to relax after a contraction cycle, especially when this is repeated for a long period of time. The cells also require oxygen as a terminal electron acceptor in order to produce ATP in the electron transport system. Normally the cells produce water as a result of ATP production in the electron transport system. The cells do sometimes produce more reactive free radicals such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide when ATP is produced. The free radicals can build up to high levels in the lung tissue or in the body of endurance athletes. This build up can lead to inflammation and injury in the tissues. The athlete can consume antioxidants in foods. These substances will break down the free radicals into less toxic molecules to reduce the risk of injury to the body tissues.
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A good time to assess resting heart rate is _____
a. when you wake up after a good night's sleep b. after breakfast and a cup of coffee c. while sitting or watching television d. while walking at a low intensity e. right before you fall asleep
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDRs) recommend that ________ should provide more calories than either proteins or fats
A) nutrients B) carbohydrates C) natural sugars D) fiber
Quite simply, the key to weight loss is:
a. combining foods correctly at meals. b. not eating desserts. c. eating less carbohydrate. d. consuming fewer kcalories.
Spinach stems and the inner cores of carrots and broccoli become tougher with age and do not soften when heated because of
a. cellulose. b. gums. c. lignin. d. hemicellulose. e. pectic compounds.