A client with recurrent episodes of migraine headaches tells the nurse, "I am not comfortable taking medication for my pain." Which of the following are behavioral pain relief techniques that the nurse can use to help the client? Select all that
A) Relaxation
B) Massage
C) Meditation
D) Biofeedback
E) Hypnosis
Ans: A, C, D
Feedback:
Relaxation, meditation, and biofeedback are behavioral pain relief techniques that the nurse can use to help the client. Relaxation techniques involve a combination of a quiet environment, a comfortable position, a passive attitude, and a focus of concentration. Meditation is a technique in which the person focuses on a single thought or sound. In biofeedback, the client learns voluntary control over autonomic functions such as heart rate, hand temperature, and muscle tension. Massage is a physical pain relief technique used to relax muscles and reduce tension. Hypnosis is a cognitive pain relief technique, not a behavioral technique, which blocks the awareness of pain through suggestions or by substituting another feeling for pain.
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