14. The "spent" electrons from electron transport in aerobic cellular respiration are transferred to
A. hydrogen, to neutralize its charge before passing through ATP synthase.
B. sulfur, oxidizing it to form more hydrogens in the concentration gradient.
C. carbon dioxide, in order to allow it to enter the Krebs cycle.
D. oxygen, thereby reducing it to form water.
E. nitrogen, reducing it to form NADH.
D. oxygen, thereby reducing it to form water.
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Glycolysis and the Krebs cycle do not capture all of the energy in a glucose molecule because
A. ATP easily vaporizes. B. energy cannot be created or destroyed. C. some glucose is not broken down. D. some energy is always lost as heat during chemical reactions. E. some energy remains in the atoms.
Which types of cells are most likely to have high levels of methyl groups in their DNA?
a. embryonic cells b. blastocyst cells c. senescent cells (cells that are not actively dividing) d. apoptotic cells (cells that are undergoing cell death) e. rapidly dividing cells
The stress response depends on the secretion of
a. cortisol. b. epinephrine. c. norepinephrine. d. all of these. e. none of these
Which statement best describes the value of fungi in the environment?
A. Fungi “fix” nitrogen from the air for use by plants. B. Fungi trap sunlight energy in the form of carbohydrates. C. Fungi release nutrients from organic matter. D. Fungi enrich the soil by decreasing the rate of decay of organic matter. E. Fungi remove toxic metals from the soil.