Describe Barkley's model for explaining the behavior of individuals with ADHD.
What will be an ideal response?
Barkley proposed that the primary deficit with ADHD is not really attention; rather, it is behavior inhibition and self-regulation problems related to neurological factors. Students with ADHD cannot regulate where their attention is directed, how often it switches to other areas, or how to redirect their attention when it wanders. These problems with behavior inhibition are related to the executive functions that are the mental activities that help them regulate their behaviors. According to Barkley, executive functions can be classed into working memory, self-directed speech, control or emotions and motivation, and reconstitution (planning). In children with ADHD, problems in behavioral inhibition contribute to problems in the development of executive functions which result is poor motor control (distractibility and/or impulsivity). Students cannot slow down the sequences of internal mental activities that would let them better manage their behaviors.
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A transformational perspective means families are viewed as knowledgeable and skillful
a. True b. False
Which of the following statements about reading fluency is NOT true?
a. Reading fluency is the rate of accurate reading. b. Rapid naming is a component of reading fluency. c. Reading fluency is more of a status symbol for children than an indicator of reading ability. d. One intervention used to develop reading fluency is repeated readings.
Samantha habitually blurted out answers to questions during class discussion. Mr. Hargrove repeatedly called Samantha by name and told her to wait her turn, but Samantha repeated her behavior day after day. Mr. Hargrove finally realized that his strategy was not working. He thought he was using a form of punishment, but his strategy turned out to be:
a. negative reinforcement of the behavior. b. positive reinforcement of the behavior. c. the antecedent for the behavior. d. the unconditioned stimulus.
What pattern of results would indicate an interaction between pretesting and experimental treatment?
What will be an ideal response?