The net gain of ATP per molecule of glucose metabolized to pyruvate using Entner-Doudoroff pathway is
A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 1.
D. 0.
Answer: C
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As adults, insulin signaling through its receptor kinase enables virtually every cell in our body to transport glucose across the plasma membrane into the cytosol. Use the following five terms to complete the sentences below
Terms (A-E) may be used once, more than once or not at all. A. receptor binding B. receptor activation C. signal transduction and amplification D. response E. termination Autophosphorlyation of transmembrane proteins caused by insulin association with those proteins is an example of __________________. _________________ occurs when the proteins that are phosphorylated after insulin associates with the cell-surface protein become dephosphorylated. The noncovalent association of insulin with specific proteins on the surface of a cell is an example of ___________. Activated proteins in the nucleus causing transcription (and eventually translation in the cytosol) of proteins needed for cell division is an example of _________. _______________ occurs when the insulin receptors phosphorylate each other causing other proteins in the cytoplasm to bind to them, including a protein called insulin-receptor substrate 1 (or IRS-1). _______________ occurs when the phosphorylated cytosolic protein IRS-1 binds to other cytosolic proteins to activate them, which in turn bind to others to activate them. One consequence of IRS-1 stimulation is the exchange of GDP for GTP in Ras, which is an example of _______________. ___________________ occurs when the GTP bound to Ras is hydrolyzed to GDP. One consequence of IRS-1 stimulation is the uptake of glucose by the cell, which is an example of ________________. What will be an ideal response?
The breast muscle of a wild duck is dark, while that of a domesticated chicken is white. The breast muscle in a wild duck consists predominately of
A. fast-twitch muscles with abundant capillaries and mitochondria. B. fast-twitch muscles with few capillaries or mitochondria. C. slow-twitch muscles with abundant capillaries and mitochondria. D. slow-twitch muscles with few capillaries or mitochondria. E. random-twitch muscles with few capillaries or mitochondria.
Parthengogensis is when what happens?
What will be an ideal response?
Asexual fungal spores that are not enclosed within a spore-bearing sac, but form from a special fertile hypha are called _______.
A) Sporangiospores B) Condia C) Zygospore D) Ascospore E) Basidiospore