Which of the following individuals pioneered the use of chemicals to reduce the incidence of infections during surgery?

A) Nightingale
B) Snow
C) Ehrlich
D) Lister
E) Semmelweis


D

Biology & Microbiology

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Sickle-cell anemia results from a beta-globin protein containing the amino acid valine in the place of the amino acid glutamic acid. This is an example of a ________ causing a disease.

A) microbiome B) gene pool C) multifactorial trait D) mutation

Biology & Microbiology

This short projection of the large intestine serves as reservoir for beneficial bacteria

a. gall bladder b. colon c. cecum d. cloaca e. appendix

Biology & Microbiology

Which of the following statements best describes how lateral flow assays demonstrate the presence of bacterial, fungal, and viral antigens?

A. During the assay, bacterial antigens present in a specimen are pretreated by coating them with colloidal gold prior to binding to an antibody. B. A positive test results from the binding of the conjugated antibody and antigen to a fixed antibody directed against the antigen in the capture zone. C. A positive test results from the precipitation of the antigen-antibody complex in the capture zone. D. Migration of labeled antigen to the capture zone produces a positive result.

Biology & Microbiology

Another step in PCR requires small single-stranded DNA primers to anneal to a target sequence on denatured DNA. Two primers are used. Ideally these primers will have similar melting temperatures. The melting temperature is defined as the temperature at which 50% of the DNA is in the single-stranded form. Which of the following primers will have the highest melting temperature?

A. G G G A A A T T T C C C B. A A A A G G C C T T T T C. G G G G A A A T T T C C C C D. A A A A G G G C C C T T T T

Biology & Microbiology