List the biological changes that occur during puberty. Why should sexual maturation be used to assess an adolescent's growth and nutritional needs rather than chronological age?
What will be an ideal response?
The biological changes that occur during puberty include sexual maturation, increases in height and weight, accumulation of skeletal mass, and changes in body composition. Even though the sequence of these events during puberty is consistent among adolescents, the age of onset, duration, and the tempo of these events may vary a great deal between and within individuals. Thus, the physical appearance of adolescents of the same chronological age covers a wide range. These variations in development directly affect the nutrition requirements of adolescents. A 14-year old male who has already experienced rapid linear growth and muscular development will have noticeably different energy and nutrient needs than a 14-year old male peer who has not yet entered puberty. For this reason, sexual maturation should be used to assess biological growth and development (biological age), and the individual nutritional needs of adolescents rather than chronological age.
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