A client being treated for cancer has a tumor designation of Stage IV, T4, N3, M1. What does this staging indicate to the nurse?
A) The tumor will respond to chemotherapy.
B) The tumor is small in size.
C) The tumor has metastasized with lymph node involvement.
D) There is one single tumor to treat.
Answer: C
T refers to the depth of invasion. N refers to the absence or presence and extent of lymph node involvement. M refers to presence of metastasis. The numbers range from 0 to 4, with higher numbers indicating increased size and metastasis. Stage IV indicates metastasis. The staging system is not used to determine tumor response to chemotherapy.
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Which statement is not true about end-of-life care?
a. The physician is the ultimate authority in the decision to use or not use life-sustaining medical treatment. b. The proxy appointed in a living will cannot speak for the testator in health care matters other than terminal illness. c. A patient with dementia can be capable of making personal wishes known about life-sustaining treatment. d. The American Nurses Association calls for nurses not to participate in assisted suicide.
A nurse is caring for an elderly woman from a Far-Eastern culture. How does the nurse demonstrate awareness of culturally congruent care?
A) Maintaining eye contact at all times B) Trying to speak the patient's native language C) Using touch when communicating D) Establishing effective communication
A registered nurse (RN) who wishes to become a clinical nurse specialist (CNS), nurse practitioner (NP), certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA), or certified nurse midwife (CNM) must complete a
1. Doctor of nursing practice (DNP) degree. 2. Practical nurse (PN) to associate degree nurse (ADN) program. 3. Master of science in nursing (MSN) degree. 4. Bachelor of science in nursing (BSN) degree.
After bariatric surgery, a patient who is being discharged tells the nurse, "I prefer to be independent. I am not interested in any support groups." Which response by the nurse is best?
a. "I hope you change your mind so that I can suggest a group for you." b. "Tell me what types of resources you think you might use after this surgery." c. "Support groups have been found to lead to more successful weight loss after surgery." d. "Because there are many lifestyle changes after surgery, we recommend support groups."