Which cellular structure is unique to prokaryotic organisms?
A) Ribosome
B) Plasma membrane
C) Plasmids
D) Cell wall
C
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Nicotine from cigarette smoke acts as a ligand and associates with specific cells in the nervous system. Nicotine eventually produces feelings of pleasure and well-being. Below are the events that happen in the cellular response to nicotine
Place the events in the correct order to describe the five basic steps in the pathway of a signal transduction system (receptor binding, receptor activation, signal transduction and amplification, response, and termination). A) The acetylcholine receptor is an ion channel, and, when a ligand binds, the ion channel opens. B) An influx of ions causes an action potential, which carries the signal to the reward areas of the brain. C) Nicotine binds to the transmembrane protein that normally binds the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. D) The signal causes release of dopamine in the brain, which causes good feelings. E) Nicotine is quickly eliminated from the body (causing cravings for more cigarettes to produce good feelings). A. C, A, B, D, E B. A, D, B, C, E C. B, A, C, D, E D. C, D, B, A, E
The study of early life stages has revealed the conservative nature of the genes responsible for
a. food procurement. b. reproductive behavior. c. embryonic development. d. size. e. intelligence.
The atomic structure of water satisfies the octet rule by having
a. electrons shared between the two oxygen atoms. b. electrons from hydrogen transferred to the oxygen atom. c. electrons from oxygen transferred to the hydrogen atoms. d. oxygen share electrons with two hydrogen atoms. e. electrons shared between the two hydrogen atoms.
What events generally take place during promoter activation?
What will be an ideal response?