Describe how both positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement contribute to the development of addiction on opioid drugs
What will be an ideal response?
Each injection appears to act as a positive reinforcer, similar to giving a piece of food to a hungry animal. Withdrawal symptoms are aversive, so once physical dependence has developed, each injection removes that aversive stimulus, which is an example of negative reinforcement.
You might also like to view...
Pairing a pleasant stimulus with a fear-evoking object or situation describes
a. programmed learning. c. counterconditioning. b. shaping. d. flooding.
Exercising during dieting increases weight loss because it ______.
A. decreases the BMR B. prevents the BMR from dropping C. stimulates leptin release D. shrinks the stomach through involuntary contractions
The approach in which social psychologists attempt to determine whether and to what extent different variables are related to each other is called
a. naturalistic observation. b. survey research. c. correlational method. d. experimental methods.
Discuss the cultural orientations of individualism and collectivism and give examples of countries with each of these orientations
What will be an ideal response?