The patient is in the final stage of dying. Which action does the nurse implement?
a. Maintain a darkened, cool room.
b. Elevate the head of the bed.
c. Catheterize the patient frequently.
d. Provide warm, soothing liquids.
B
The nurse elevates the head of the bed as tolerated to facilitate breathing; in addition, the patient looks more comfortable slightly elevated in bed, which can be comforting to the family. The nurse does not alter the temperature of the room. The patient may be more relaxed if the lighting is dim rather than brightly lit. Because urine production slows significantly as death approaches, urinary catheters are usually unnecessary. Patients eat less and less as death approaches; simple items such as ice chips, a teaspoon of tea, or an ice pop are usually sufficient.
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