If plausible alternative explanations have been ruled out, a study can be said to have established ____
a. external validity
b. internal validity
c. experimental validity
d. statistical validity
b
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Students that engage in overlearning of test material tend to make lower grades than students who limit their study time
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Since people who have a clear idea of what is wrong in their lives are more likely to discover solutions, you should, when counseling,
a. try to view the situation as it relates to your past experiences in this area. b. try to understand the problem from the person's point of view and check your understanding often. c. provide generous advice coupled with multiple solutions to the person's problems. d. encourage catharsis by eliciting defensiveness in the person you are counseling.
According to the authors, accurate eyewitness identification results from a series of three stages:
a. attention, memory, and credibility. b. acquisition, attention, and retrieval. c. acquisition, storage, and retrieval. d. accuracy, confidence, and credibility.
Expectancy and placebo effects
a. likely explain caffeine withdrawal, as individuals are aware that caffeine can cause dependency. b. do not likely explain caffeine withdrawal, as most of the studies that have documented clinically significant withdrawal from caffeine were double-blind studies. c. likely explain most of caffeine’s cognitively arousing effects. d. likely explain most of the behavioral tolerance to caffeine. e. do not pertain to caffeine, only to highly abused illicit substances.