During stress, the hypothalamus can control the release of hormones from the adrenal glands via two major pathways. Describe the two pathways and the effects of the hormones they control
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: A good answer will include the following key points.
? One pathway stimulates the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system for "fight or flight," producing the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine from the medulla of the adrenal glands.
? These hormones produce increased heart rate, perspiration, and blood flow to muscles.
? The second pathway is called the HPA axis (HPA stands for hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal cortex).
? The hypothalamus will send signals to the pituitary gland.
? The pituitary gland will, in turn, signal the adrenal cortex to release cortisol.
? Cortisol prepares the body to respond to stressful circumstances.
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What will be an ideal response?
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Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).